ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory diseases in patients hospitalized to the infectious hospitals in Yakutsk. Methods: nasal and pharyngeal swabs were obtained from the examined patients. The presence of the genetic material of the respiratory viruses was determined by real-time PCR. Results: During the study, 178 patients admitted to the infectious hospitals in Yakutsk from November 2019 to April 2020 were selected according to the inclusion criteria. 99/178 (55.6%) samples were positive for at least one of the studied viruses, 79/178 (44.4%) samples were negative. Respiratory syncytial virus;rhinoviruses;metapneumovirus;parainfluenza viruses of types 1, 2, 3 and 4;coronaviruses NL-63, 229E, HKU-1 and OC-43;adenoviruses groups B, C and E;bokavirus, as well as influenza A and influenza B viruses were identified. The results of the study are necessary to improve and optimize diagnostic tactics, for control and prevention of respiratory viral infections.
ABSTRACT
Since coronaviruses can remain infectious on different inanimate surfaces for several hours or even days, the possibility of indirect fomite transmission through infected objects and surfaces cannot be ruled out. We describe a method for the photodynamic disinfection of inanimate surfaces infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Omicron variant strain. Application of only 5 mu M photosensitizer octakis(cholinyl)zinc phthalocyanine followed immediately by 7 min irradiation with light emitting diode (LED) light 692 nm (12.5 mW cm(-2)) results in complete inactivation of the virus on polystyrene and glass surfaces, while 10 min irradiation lead to complete eradication of the virus also on Al-foil and medical mask fabric. A photodynamic technique is being considered to combat the spread of coronaviruses.
ABSTRACT
Different methods for producing bulk quantities of concentrated and purified SARS-CoV-2 for the use as antigens and for the research into COVID-19 biology were tested.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 Testing/methods , COVID-19/diagnosis , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Viral Load/immunology , Virion/immunology , Animals , Antibodies, Neutralizing/isolation & purification , Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism , Antibodies, Viral/isolation & purification , Antibodies, Viral/metabolism , COVID-19/virology , Cell Line , Chlorocebus aethiops , Convalescence , Epithelial Cells/virology , Humans , Immune Sera/chemistry , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , SARS-CoV-2/growth & development , Swine , Vero Cells , Viral Load/genetics , Viral Proteins/immunology , Viral Proteins/isolation & purification , Viral Proteins/metabolism , Virion/genetics , Virion/growth & development , Virus ReplicationABSTRACT
We investigated the incidence of 15 respiratory viruses among 2991 children with acute respiratory infections in Novosibirsk city, Russia, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (2013-2020). Viral infections were detected in 72.5% cases. The incidence of human coronavirus was 2% (Alphacoronaviruses, 63%; Betacoronaviruses, 37%).
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Respiratory Tract Infections , COVID-19/epidemiology , Child , Child, Hospitalized , Hospitalization , Humans , Incidence , Pandemics , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Objective: isolation of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 from clinical sample of patient with COVID-19 in Novosibirsk;obtaining a purified and inactivated viral antigen and study of its antigenic properties. Materials and methods: virus isolation was carried out in Vero cell culture from nasopharyngeal swab positive on SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell culture was assessed on the appearance of cytopathic effect (CPE) and the presence of viral RNA in cultural medium with reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Purification, concentration and inactivation of the viral preparation were carried out according to standard methods. The purity of the purified preparation and the profile of viral proteins were determined by electrophoresis in 10% polyacrylamide gel (PAG) with the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The presence and specificity of viral proteins were detected using COVID-19 convalescent’s sera with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. Results: SARS-CoV-2/human/ RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020 isolate was obtained after passage on Vero cells from a virus-containing clinical sample. A purified, concentrated, inactivated, whole-virion antigen was obtained. It contains three structural proteins: glycoprotein S (approximately 200 kDa), nucleoprotein N (48 kDa), and matrix protein M (20-25 kDa). All viral proteins were detected with serum antibodies of COVID-19 convalescents. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can be isolated in Vero cell culture. The antigenic specificity of the three structural viral proteins (S, N, and M) is preserved in the purified inactivated viral preparation. The inactivated whole-virion antigen of SARS-CoV-2/human/RUS/Nsk-FRCFTM-1/2020 isolate can be used to study the antigenic immunomodulating properties of viral proteins, to obtain immune sera of laboratory animals, and also as a component of test systems for the detection of specific antibodies with ELISA and immunoblotting.